This learning material begins with an overview of the history of AI research and other closely related fields. After that, we dig deeper into a form of intelligence we’re already more familiar with — the human intelligence. What is it, and how should we portray it in order to simulate it in machines? In this context, we also compare artificial and human intelligences, and talk about their interaction. Next, we take a closer look into the way computers operate, and what it takes to simulate intelligence in machines. The chapter on machine learning will provide more information on how all models don’t have to be given to computers, as they are able to form their own models as well. In other words, computers can learn new things. This chapter is essential for understanding AI, as machine learning is one of the most important milestones AI has reached. Machine learning requires learning material just like learners need their textbooks. Suitable material for machines can be found in databases, and therefore they are covered in their own chapter. After that, we introduce different aspects and applications of artificial intelligence in chapters dedicated to machine vision, natural language processing and robotics. In the robotics context, we also discuss the ethical issues concerning artificial intelligence.