The continuing, rapid structural changes in agriculture and in the rural areas and the changes associated with the work, working methods, and technology provide a background for re-evaluating the occupational safety strategy in order to advance the well-being development through the occupational safety efforts in the changed operational environment. The purpose of this joint project was to present the evidence-based recommendations for the focus areas and the procedures in implementing the occupational safety in agriculture that would be effective and socially sustainable in the future. In order to formulate the preventive occupational safety strategy, the future development and changes for the agricultural industry and its environment with the consequences to the capacity and the well-being of the work force had to be evaluated. Futurologist research methods were employed in this study. The forces that shape the development in agriculture in the near future the most are the high level of uncertainty in raw-material prices and in profitability combined with and the continuing structural changes. These result in the increased mental load. Many challenges linked to the agricultural entrepreneur's professional skills, production management, and occupational safety can be connected to any of the driving forces. On the other hand, many opportunities are connected to these driving forces that can enhance the image of agriculture among the population at large and its popularity as an occupation of the future. The review of the average values in the structural changes e.g. in the herd sizes or the acreage do not tell the whole truth about the change and its challenges. Strong segmentation of the industry has been taking place during the past decade. The absolute and relative number of the cattle and plant cultivation farms that are expanding rapidly have increased. Comparatively speaking, especially the number of small farms has decreased. Segmentation is most likely increasing in the next few years even if the structural change would not speed up from the present significantly. As the target group of the occupational safety becomes essentially more diverse, the planning and implementation of the interventions become more challenging. This study identified eight increasingly significant occupational health challenges in agriculture. The challenges listed below are not in the order of importance. The first challenge is the farms undergoing a change, and three main thrusts can be identified: The safe and controlled shutdown of the production, the safe and controlled changing and diversification, and third, the safe and controlled increasing of the production. The last two are not exclusive. Second challenge is the traffic safety because of the scattered farmland and the transportation, driving or towing of the agricultural equipment on the roadways as the proportions increase. The third challenge is the part-time/temporary workforce and the seasonal workforce, especially from abroad. The challenges related to this can also be divided into three main categories, namely professional skills, language skills and the guidance and direction of the work. The fourth challenge for the occupational safety is the increased use of equipment (e.g. moving equipment, efficient milking parlour). Related to this are noise and vibration problems, unbalanced loading, which is reflected in the musculoskeletal problems and the information overload. New production technology is the fifth challenge, because the problems with the compatibility, faults, and the usability deficiencies of the different technologies cause new dangers. The sixth challenge is the maintenance and repair work of the equipment, facilities and the production technology in general. The seventh challenge is the aging workforce and the eight rapidly growing equine economy. Particularly the growth-minded agricultural entrepreneurs need the kind of advisement and research that provides useful supporting material to help in decision-making that covers the entire scope of the operations and takes into account the current and the future operating environment. In addition, the information management for the farms and diverse operations requires management tools that are advanced, easy-to-use and well-integrating with other production technology. Thus it is possible to respond to the continually increasing demands for the increase of the cost-effective work productivity and to lower the mental load resulting from the information overload and decision-making. It is vital to the sustainable agriculture to maintain and improve the safety, well-being, and health of the key resources of the operations, the manpower - the people. The foodstuffs chains that enhance the well-being of the production animals, working responsibly and sustainably, may be a significant factor in the domestic production and marketing, which also have an effect on the farmer's working conditions. Similarly, the more sustainable production conditions that reduce the occupational accidents and illnesses are likely also better for the welfare of the domestic animals. Other positive development trends can be seen, such as the changes related to the values and the technology. It is recommended in the further research to consider the alternative developmental trends and the procedures required for the developing an optimal strategy. Thus the decisions and procedures for the targeted interventions will have increasingly more salient starting points.