Fortum Waste Solutions Oy (Fortum), the comissioner of this thesis, manufactures aggregate-like products for earth and road construction from the recovered bottom ash of Fortum’s and its customers waste-to-energy plants. Fortum has progressed from landfilling to the utilization of recovered municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash (MSWI BA) in landfill area construction and lately on road construction sites. Applicability is evaluated by the recovered material’s technical and environmental properties and the corresponding requirements of the road construction layers.

This thesis was conducted to further Fortum’s recycling and waste business and the utilization of recovered MSWI BA in road construction. An essential part of the study is the technical applicability of the aggregate-like recovered MSWI BA products for the state-owned roads filtration and sub-base layers and the Finnish Transport Infrastructure Agency’s evaluation process that is associated with it.

Fortum is constantly developing recovered materials and therefore this thesis provides a good basis for future evaluation processes.