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Vihreä siirtymä kelalogistiikassa

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Vihreä siirtymä kelalogistiikassa

This thesis was made for SSAB Europe Oy. The aim of this thesis is to create support material for acquiring heavy forklifts and terminal tractors which are powered by fossil free fuels. Thesis includes information about alternatives to fossil fuels, what is the current state of fossil free coil logistics, who sells them and what should be take into account. The purpose is to a make seven-year plan to migrate coil logistics to use fossil free fuels. SSAB is going to eliminate most of its CO2 emissions from own operations by 2030. In this thesis different alternatives to fossil fuel were compared. The alternatives were reviewed and evaluated how they would fit to steel mill usage. Introduction of renewable diesel was studied. Environmental requirements for fuel dispensing station stay the same even if the fuel was renewable. Neste claims their renewable fuel to fit any diesel motor powered vehicle. When fossil free alternatives were compared, a conclusion was made: coil transportation should be electrified. Advantages of electric forklifts are: Electricity is clean and producing electricity produces low amounts of carbon dioxide. Electric machines are great on energy efficiency. Electric motors can produce maximum amount of torque immediately. During the thesis process, some interviews were conducted to get information about purchasing process of electric forklifts, electric infrastructure, and environmental side of biofuels. The interviews revealed that acquiring new electric forklifts can take up to a year from the date forklift is ordered to the date when forklift arrives to mill. Electric vehicle’s capacity of battery is not easy to estimate beforehand. Also, electric work machines need powerful battery chargers which set challenges to supplying power to the charger. Two separate plans were made to allow fossil free coil logistics. The first plan is created by using hours as an indicator when to replace old machines. In the second plan, experiences of electric forklifts were to be gathered from non-critical places of factory’s coil logistics. With these experiences, right forklifts could be chosen for critical places of factory’s coil logistics. The machines that are taken account in this thesis represent 66 % of fossil fuel usage from the SSAB Hämeenlinna main fuel station. By electrifying these four work machines significant amount of CO2 from fossil fuels could be reduced.

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